Investigation of Determining Factors of Intention and Behavior in Using E-Wallet: Extending The UTAUT-2 Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17977/um003v10i22024p266Keywords:
E-Wallet, Extended UTAUT-2, Technology acceptance, Behavioral intention, Consumer behaviorAbstract
This research recommends that considering the current global scenario, it would be greatly beneficial for Indonesia to identify more factors of Behavioral intention and slightly explore this construct in case use electronic wallet. Since the factors underlying decision-making of public to use electronic wallets are relatively less studied, this research will contribute in filling that new void. Most existing studies drew from a single theoretical perspective, which exposes an important gap to be filled with additional research. To this end, the study adapted and extended UTAUT-2 model to account for perceived security as well as epistemic value. This research tested the conceptual model using PLS-SEM analysis with 372 respondents through cross-sectional design and survey methodology. The results indicate the majority of the factors, besides effort expectancy and social influence present a statistically significant relationship with behavioral intentions explaining 63.9% variance such insights have important implications for stakeholders in defining strategic actions to enhance the wider adoption and usage of e-wallet technology, particularly within Indonesia.
References
Abrahim Sleiman, K. A., Juanli, L., Lei, H. Z., Rong, W., Yubo, W., Li, S., Cheng, J., & Amin, F. (2023). Factors that impacted mobile-payment adoption in China during the COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16197
Al-Adwan, A. S., Alrousan, M., Al-Soud, A., & Al-Yaseen, H. (2019). Revealing the black box of shifting from electronic commerce to mobile commerce: the case of Jordan. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 14(1), 51–67. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-18762019000100105
Alalwan, A. A., Dwivedi, Y. K., Rana, N. P., & Algharabat, R. (2018). Examining factors influencing Jordanian customers’ intentions and adoption of internet banking: Extending UTAUT2 with risk. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 40, 125–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.08.026
Azman Ong, M. H., Yusri, M. Y., & Ibrahim, N. S. (2023). Use and behavioural intention using digital payment systems among rural residents: Extending the UTAUT-2 model. Technology in Society, 74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102305
Babin, B. J., & Zikmund, W. G. (2015). Exploring Marketing Research (11th ed.). Cencage Learning.
Balapour, A., Nikkhah, H. R., & Sabherwal, R. (2020). Mobile application security: Role of perceived privacy as the predictor of security perceptions. International Journal of Information Management, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.102063
Berraies, S., Ben Yahia, K., & Hannachi, M. (2017). Identifying the effects of perceived values of mobile banking applications on customers: Comparative study between baby boomers, generation X and generation Y. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 35(6), 1018–1038. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-09-2016-0137
Bommer, W. H., Rana, S., & Milevoj, E. (2022). A meta-analysis of eWallet adoption using the UTAUT model. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 40(4), 791–819. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-06-2021-0258
Brown, S. A., & Venkatesh, V. (2005). Model of adoption of technology in households: A baseline model test and extension incorporating household life cycle. MIS Quarterly, 399–426.
Cakti, A. (2021). Studi: Pengguna dompet digital meningkat drastis di masa Covid-19. Antara News. https://www.antaranews.com/berita/2022936/studi-pengguna-dompet-digital-meningkat-drastis-di-masa-covid-
Chaudhary, S., Schafeitel-Tähtinen, T., Helenius, M., & Berki, E. (2019). Usability, security and trust in password managers: A quest for user-centric properties and features. In Computer Science Review (Vol. 33, pp. 69–90). Elsevier Ireland Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosrev.2019.03.002
Che Nawi, N., Husin, H. S., Said Al-Jahwari, N., Zainuddin, S. A., Khan, N. U., Hassan, A. A., Wan Ibrahim, W. S. A. A., Mohamed, A. F., Mohd Nasir, N. S., & Muhamad Hasan, M. Z. (2024). The path to sustainability begins with going paperless: Antecedents of intention to use electronic wallet using serial mediation approach. Heliyon, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24127
Chopdar, P. Kr., Korfiatis, N., Sivakumar, V. J., & Lytras, M. D. (2018). Mobile shopping apps adoption and perceived risks: A cross-country perspective utilizing the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. Computers in Human Behavior, 86, 109–128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.017
DeVellis, R. F. (2016). Scale Development: Theory and Applications. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=48ACCwAAQBAJ
East Ventures. (2023). Digital Competitiveness Index 2023: Equitable Digital Nation.
Eger, L., Komárková, L., Egerová, D., & Mičík, M. (2021). The effect of COVID-19 on consumer shopping behaviour: Generational cohort perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102542
Farah, M. F., Hasni, M. J. S., & Abbas, A. K. (2018). Mobile-banking adoption: Empirical evidence from the banking sector in Pakistan. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(7), 1386–1413. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-10-2017-0215
Filthy Lucre. (2020, April 14). Paper money shunned as possible carrier of coronavirus. The Japan Times. https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-health-us-news-business-ap-top-news-167186097f44116220b757abebb49be3
Flavian, C., Guinaliu, M., & Lu, Y. (2020). Mobile payments adoption – introducing mindfulness to better understand consumer behavior. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(7), 1575–1599. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-01-2020-0039
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50.
Gansser, O. A., & Reich, C. S. (2021). A new acceptance model for artificial intelligence with extensions to UTAUT2: An empirical study in three segments of application. Technology in Society, 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101535
Gupta, A., & Arora, N. (2017). Understanding determinants and barriers of mobile shopping adoption using behavioral reasoning theory. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 36, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.12.012
Gupta, K., & Arora, N. (2020). Investigating consumer intention to accept mobile payment systems through unified theory of acceptance model: An Indian perspective. South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 9(1), 88–114. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAJBS-03-2019-0037
Gupta, K. P., Manrai, R., & Goel, U. (2019). Factors influencing adoption of payments banks by Indian customers: extending UTAUT with perceived credibility. Journal of Asia Business Studies, 13(2), 173–195. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABS-07-2017-0111
Hair, J. (2011). C. and Sarstedt, M. Ringle. PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 19(2).
Hair, J. F., Babin, B. J., Black, W. C., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8th ed.). Cencage. www.cengage.com/highered
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook. Springer International Publishing.
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM): An advanced guide using SmartPLS (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. In European Business Review (Vol. 31, Issue 1, pp. 2–24). Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Handayanto, E., & Ambarwati, R. (2022). Continuance intention of mobile payment using modified extending model of acceptance and use of technology. AMCA Journal of Science and Technology, 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.51773/ajst.v2i1/131
Hasan, A. A.-T. (2022). Technology attachment, e-attitude, perceived value, and behavioral intentions towards Uber-ridesharing services: the role of hedonic, utilitarian, epistemic, and symbolic value. Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science, 5(3), 239–265. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCMARS-01-2022-0002
Henseler, J. (2010). On the convergence of the partial least squares path modeling algorithm. Computational Statistics, 25(1), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00180-009-0164-x
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382
IDC. (2022). Number of mobile wallet users in Southeast Asia in 2021 with a forecast for 2026, by selected country (in millions). Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1305663/sea-number-of-mobile-wallet-users-by-country/
Ipsos. (2020, February 12). Frequency of e-wallet usage among respondents in Indonesia in 2020. https://statistics/1103858/indonesia-e-wallet-transaction-frequency/
Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
Karim, W., Haque, A., Ulfy, M. A., Hossain, A., & Anis, Z. (2020). Factors influencing the use of e-wallet as a payment method among Malaysian young adults. JIBM) Journal of International Business and Management, 3(2), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.37227/jibm-2020-2-21
Karjaluoto, H., Shaikh, A. A., Leppäniemi, M., & Luomala, R. (2020). Examining consumers’ usage intention of contactless payment systems. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(2), 332–351. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-04-2019-0155
Kim, S. H. (2008). Moderating effects of job relevance and experience on mobile wireless technology acceptance: Adoption of a smartphone by individuals. Information and Management, 45(6), 387–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.05.002
Liébana-Cabanillas, F., Ramos de Luna, I., & Montoro-Ríos, F. (2017). Intention to use new mobile payment systems: a comparative analysis of SMS and NFC payments. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 30(1), 892–910.
Macedo, I. M. (2017). Predicting the acceptance and use of information and communication technology by older adults: An empirical examination of the revised UTAUT2. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 935–948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.06.013
MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, P. M. (2012). Common method bias in marketing: Causes, mechanisms, and procedural remedies. Journal of Retailing, 88(4), 542–555. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2012.08.001
MacKenzie, S. B., Podsakoff, P. M., & Jarvis, C. B. (2005). The problem of measurement model misspecification in behavioral and organizational research and some recommended solutions. In Journal of Applied Psychology (Vol. 90, Issue 4, pp. 710–730). https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.90.4.710
Malhotra, N. K. (2019). Marketing research: An applied orientation (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Merhi, M., Hone, K., & Tarhini, A. (2019). A cross-cultural study of the intention to use mobile banking between Lebanese and British consumers: Extending UTAUT2 with security, privacy and trust. Technology in Society, 59, 101151. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2019.101151
Morosan, C., & DeFranco, A. (2016). It’s about time: Revisiting UTAUT2 to examine consumers’ intentions to use NFC mobile payments in hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 53, 17–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.11.003
Naeem, M. (2021). Developing the antecedents of social influence for Internet banking adoption through social networking platforms: evidence from conventional and Islamic banks. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 33(1), 185–204. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-07-2019-0467
Podsakoff, P. M., M., S. B., L. J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2F0021-9010.88.5.879
Raman, P., & Aashish, K. (2021). To continue or not to continue: a structural analysis of antecedents of mobile payment systems in India. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 39(2), 242–271. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-04-2020-0167
Redseer. (2019, February 28). Market size of e-Wallet in Indonesia in 2018 with a forecast for 2023 (in billion U.S. dollars). https://statistics/1052611/indonesia-e-wallet-market-size/
Ruel, E., Wagner, E. W. I., & Gillespie, B. J. (2016). The Practice of Survey Research. SAGE Publications.
Seetharaman, A., Nanda Kumar, K., Palaniappan, S., & Weber, G. (2017). Factors influencing behavioural intention to use the mobile wallet in Singapore. In Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research JAEBR (Vol. 7, Issue 2).
Shaw, N., & Sergueeva, K. (2019). The non-monetary benefits of mobile commerce: Extending UTAUT2 with perceived value. International Journal of Information Management, 45, 44–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.10.024
Singh, S., & Srivastava, R. K. (2018). Predicting the intention to use mobile banking in India. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 36(2), 357–378. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-12-2016-0186
Sitar-Taut, D., & Mican, D. (2021). Mobile learning acceptance and use in higher education during social distancing circumstances: An expansion and customization of UTAUT2. Online Information Review, 45(5), 1000–1019. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR
Sivathanu, B. (2019). Adoption of digital payment systems in the era of demonetization in India: An empirical study. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 10(1), 143–171. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-07-2017-0033
Statista. (2022). Mobile wallet adoption rate in the Asia-Pacific region in 2021, by country or territory. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1302590/apac-mobile-wallet-adoption-rate-by-country/
Statista. (2023). Number of smartphone users in Indonesia from 2018 to 2028 (in millions). Statista. https://www.statista.com/forecasts/266729/smartphone-users-in-indonesia
Statista Digital Market Insights. (2024). Transaction value of digital payments of selected countries in Southeast Asia from 2023 to 2028 (in billion U.S. dollars). Statista. https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1349417/southeast-asia-digital-payments-transaction-value-by-country
Straub, D., Boudreau, M., & Gefen, D. (2004). Validation Guidelines for IS Positivist Research. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 13. https://doi.org/10.17705/1cais.01324
The Asian Banker. (2021). Projected growth of mobile wallet penetration rate in the Asia-Pacific region between 2020 and 2025, by country or territory. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1302361/apac-growth-of-mobile-wallet-penetration-by-country/
Upadhyay, N., Upadhyay, S., Abed, S. S., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2022). Consumer adoption of mobile payment services during COVID-19: extending meta-UTAUT with perceived severity and self-efficacy. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 40(5), 960–991. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-06-2021-0262
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 425–478.
Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y., & Xu, X. (2012). Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. MIS Q, 36, 157–178. http://about.jstor.org/terms
Venkatesh, V., & Zhang, X. (2010). Unified theory of acceptance and use of technology: US vs. China. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 13(1), 5–27.
Yang, M., Al Mamun, A., Mohiuddin, M., Nawi, N. C., & Zainol, N. R. (2021). Cashless transactions: A study on intention and adoption of e-wallets. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13020831
Yeoh, S. Y., & Chin, P. N. (2022). Exploring home health-care robots adoption in Malaysia: extending the UTAUT model. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 16(3), 392–411. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPHM-11-2020-0099
Yuan, S., Liu, Y., Yao, R., & Liu, J. (2016). An investigation of users’ continuance intention towards mobile banking in China. Information Development, 32(1), 20–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266666914522140
Zaid Kilani, A. A. H., Kakeesh, D. F., Al-Weshah, G. A., & Al-Debei, M. M. (2023). Consumer post-adoption of e-wallet: An extended UTAUT2 perspective with trust. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100113



